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Studying abroad is the act of a student pursuing educational opportunities in a country other than one's own. This can include primary, secondary and post-secondary students. The number of students studying abroad represents only about 1% of all students enrolled at institutions of higher education in the United States. While the majority of foreign students who study in the United States are pursuing a full degree, most outgoing U.S. students study abroad for one or two academic terms. The majority of US students now choose short-term study abroad programs according to the most recent Institute of International Education Open Doors Report. In the 2008–09 academic year, the five countries US students chose to study abroad in most were the United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, France, and China. The total number of US students studying abroad during 2008–2009 was 260,327, compared to 262,416 the previous year, a modest decline of 0.8%. In the 2011-2012 academic year 283,332 US students opted to study abroad, a 0.9% increase from 2008-2009; however, US students who choose to study abroad represent only 1% of all students enrolled in higher education institutions.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.nafsa.org/Explore_International_Education/Advocacy_And_Public_Policy/Study_Abroad/Trends_in_U_S__Study_Abroad/ )〕 The Open Doors report is published annually by the Institute of International Education with funding from the U.S. Department of State's Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs. However, the report found that there were notable increases in the number of U.S. students going to study in less traditional destinations. Fifteen of the top 25 destinations were outside of Western Europe and nineteen were countries where English is not a primary language.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Study Abroad by U.S. Students Slowed in 2008/09 with More Students Going to Less Traditional Destinations )〕 In 2012, 764,495 international students studied in the United States. During the same time period, 274,000 US students studied abroad. This imbalance has been referred to as an "international education deficit."〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.professionalintern.com/bottleneck-effect-looking-study-abroad-job-competitiveness )〕 ==History== Though the University of Delaware is typically credited with creating the first study abroad program designed for U.S. undergraduate students in the 1920s, the early stages of study abroad actually began at Indiana University. In the 1870s, IU faculty invited students to attend courses in Switzerland, France, England, Germany, and Italy, in a series of "summer tramps". Studies focused on natural history, language, and culture, and were so academically oriented that they were eventually offered for college credit. A few decades later, Professor Raymond W. Kirkbride of the University of Delaware, a French professor and World War I veteran, won support from university president Walter S. Hullihen to send students to study in France in their junior year. UD initially refused to fund Kirkbride's travels, and he and Hullihen appealed to prominent public and private figures for support including then-Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover and businessman Pierre S. du Pont. Kirkbride set sail for on July 7, 1923, with eight students for six weeks of intensive language courses in Nancy, France, before moving on to Paris to study at The Sorbonne. The Delaware Foreign Study Plan, which came to be known as the Junior Year Abroad (JYA), was considered a success and was replicated by other U.S. institutions such as Smith College. In 1948, the Delaware Foreign Study Plan was discontinued due to post-war conditions in Europe and shifting priorities under a new university president. It has since been re-instated in the form of their current study abroad program. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Study abroad in the United States」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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